"
Team:NYMU-Taipei/Project/Urea
From 2008.igem.org
Blackrabbit (Talk | contribs) (New page: == Why should urea be removed == Physiologically, urea is synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide. The elimination of urea means getting rid of nitrogenous waste from the body. In hea...) |
Blackrabbit (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| + | {{:Team:NYMU-Taipei/Header}} | ||
== Why should urea be removed == | == Why should urea be removed == | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
=== Uptake Method === | === Uptake Method === | ||
| - | [[Image: | + | [[Image:NYMU_Urea0731.png|600px]] |
=== Adsorption Method === | === Adsorption Method === | ||
| Line 30: | Line 31: | ||
* [http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/Section17/Section53/Section481_1754.htm WHO SOP] | * [http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/Section17/Section53/Section481_1754.htm WHO SOP] | ||
* [http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/5/393 The Automated Thiosemicarbazide-Diacetyl Monoxime Method for Plasma Urea, Clinical Chemistry 15: 393-396, 1969] | * [http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/5/393 The Automated Thiosemicarbazide-Diacetyl Monoxime Method for Plasma Urea, Clinical Chemistry 15: 393-396, 1969] | ||
| + | {{:Team:NYMU-Taipei/Footer}} | ||
Revision as of 17:38, 1 August 2008
| Home | Project Overview: | pH Sensor | Attachment | Time Regulation | Waste Removal | Experiments and Parts | About Us |
Contents |
Why should urea be removed
Physiologically, urea is synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide. The elimination of urea means getting rid of nitrogenous waste from the body. In healthy individuals, blood plasma may be filtrated by kidney and the waste may be removed by urination; in patients with renal failure, such waste may be accumulated in blood. These patients have to get renal dialysis treatment to remove the waste, or they would suffer from hepatic failure and encephalopathy, which is worse. For these reasons, urea should be removed by a healthy kidney or by medical treatment.
However, the renal dialysis treatment knocks down the quality of life because of the time spent being treated and equipment portage (or patient transportation). If urea can be removed by the enterobacteria (bacteria in intestines, such as E. coli or our BacToKidney), a capsule or an yogurt-like drug may help reduce the frequency of get renal dialyzed and increase the quality of life. If so, the next half of the patients' lifespan may be more fun.
How do we try to remove urea
Uptake Method
Adsorption Method
- Urea remover 1: use albumin to adsorb urea on the surface of bacteria
- [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgival=NC_000004.10&from=74488870&to=74505996&dopt=gb human serum albumin] + [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/wrpsb.cgi?seqinput=YP_001724652.1 E.coli TM domain]
- Urea remover 2: use urease to bind urea on the surface of bacteria
- [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrezDb=gene&Cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=4099022&log$=databasead&logdbfrom=nuccore H.pylori urease (1)] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=900171&log$=databasead&logdbfrom=nuccore (2)] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=890414&log$=databasead&logdbfrom=nuccore (3)] + [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/wrpsb.cgi?seqinput=YP_001724652.1 E.coli TM domain]
- Urea remover 3: "Lactobaccilize" the bacteria; produce more lactic acid and adsorb urea on the bacterial capsule in low pH level
- [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrezDb=gene&Cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=944834&log$=databasead&logdbfrom=nuccore E.coli aceE, aceF, lpdA]
How to measure the concentration of urea
Diacetyl monoxime method:
Diacetyl Monoxime + Urea --> Diazine (yellow)
- [http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/Section17/Section53/Section481_1754.htm WHO SOP]
- [http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/5/393 The Automated Thiosemicarbazide-Diacetyl Monoxime Method for Plasma Urea, Clinical Chemistry 15: 393-396, 1969]
